January 14, 2018

The ‘Macedonia issue,’ beyond diplomacy

ekathimerini.com

The 'Macedonia issue,' beyond diplomacy | Comment

NIKOS KONSTANDARAS

3-4 minutes


It is becoming ever more evident that the effort to solve the "Macedonia issue" will demand skillful handling domestically as well as on the diplomatic front. With the red lines, the emotions and the harsh language that define our political debate, the signs are not good.

The position taken by the Church of Greece, and the Foreign Ministry's response, in which an unnamed source asked whether "the Church's leadership has decided to align itself with the neo-Nazi entity of Golden Dawn," suggest that a difficult situation is likely to get dangerous.

If our institutions and citizens all knew each institution's responsibilities and its limits, the Holy Synod's intervention on Wednesday would have been no more and no less than the expression of the Church's position on an issue of national interest.

The "Macedonia issue" concerns every Greek and the Church is no exception. Responsibility for solving the problem, however, lies solely with the government.

The problem is that the Church, the government and citizens all believe that – whether they agree with its positions or not – the Church exerts disproportionately great influence.

Hence the Foreign Ministry blunder: Instead of commenting, "We note the Church's position but we continue with our efforts," it resorted to rage and insult. 

(Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras sought to repair the damage with a letter to Archbishop Ieronymos along these lines, but the ministry source's initial comment cast a long shadow.)

The ministry's mistake is not so much the angry words as the effort to present everyone who disagrees with the government's efforts as camp followers of Golden Dawn.

This shows reckless indifference to the danger of bestowing on the group a significance and size that it does not merit.

In the past, SYRIZA had no problem with Golden Dawn's presence, so long as this strengthened the "anti-bailout" front in demonstrations, in Parliament, in the 2015 referendum. Now, the government wants to tar its opponents with Golden Dawn's brush.

After years of expecting national triumph on the issue, and after having grown used to the impasse, it is difficult to persuade everyone that an honorable compromise is better than the risk of a post-dated defeat.

After so many real defeats in recent years, many citizens and groups see the "Macedonia issue" as a battle of the greatest national import – symbolically and literally.

The danger of disappointment is great. But it is the duty of responsible politicians and others in positions of power to handle reality and not illusions; to seek consensus and not provoke extremism and foster division; to inspire confidence in citizens, not despair.

Because it is not only names that define us, but our actions, too. Our politicians, our clergy, and every citizen should remember this.

 

Geopolitical poker in the Western Balkans

ekathimerini.com

Geopolitical poker in the Western Balkans | Comment

ALEXIS PAPACHELAS

4-5 minutes


Geopolitical poker in the Western Balkans

COMMENT 17:18

Buildings are seen as fog blankets the city of Skopje, capital of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM). Many people wonder why the name issue reappeared all of a sudden. The answer lies in the geopolitical game that is being played out in the Western Balkans.

Many people wonder why the issue of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia's name reappeared all of a sudden. The answer lies in the geopolitical game that is being played out in the Western Balkans. The European leadership – Berlin, Brussels and the other important players – believes that 2018 will be a crucial year for the bloc's interests in this neighborhood. Russia, meanwhile, is playing a lone hand and sees the Western Balkans as the European Union's soft underbelly and a possible foothold. This is more than apparent in the case of Serbia, which is vacillating between Russia and the West. China is attending to its interests in a quieter manner, with major infrastructure investments in the context of the Silk Road initiative. And even Turkey and some of the theocratic Gulf states are looking to control the Muslim population in the region.

The European Union and the United States understand the challenges and are determined that all or most of the Western Balkan countries join the EU and NATO. For Brussels, a major prerequisite is that the many historical differences dividing these countries are settled. This is a long list and includes Kosovo's status vis-a-vis Serbia as well as territorial disputes. In FYROM's case, it is all about the name and European leaders do not want to leave the country out in the cold. They believe that Nikola Gruevski's defeat has presented a rare opportunity for a solution but also predict that his more moderate successor, Zoran Zaev, will face a lot of opposition inside the country.

The peculiarities of the Trump administration mean that America both is and isn't involved in this game. The fact is that it took the intervention of a mid-level diplomat to unblock the political crisis in Skopje. The US has influence in and knowledge of the region, but it is not yet clear how much significance it wants to give it. So far, it seems that the Balkan "account" is being handled by Vice President Mike Pence.

What does all this mean? That Greece has to play what is by and large a European game – something that both the prime minister and the head of the opposition are well aware of. Europe and the US want FYROM in NATO and in talks (along with Albania) for EU accession within the year. This is no easy feat as the domestic pressures will be significant in both Greece and FYROM. Athens has a strong hand because of developments but is weakened by the economic crisis. And the international players will play hardball in this game of geopolitical poker that has only just begun.

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